When parties to a dispute present evidence in court, what is the formal setting called?

The formal setting in which parties to a dispute present evidence in court is known as a trial. During a trial, both sides have the opportunity to present their case in front of a judge (and sometimes a jury), who then evaluates the evidence and determines the outcome of the dispute based on the law and applicable legal standards.

A trial is a structured process governed by legal rules and procedures, where evidence is gathered, witnesses may be called to testify, and legal arguments are made. This formal legal setting is critical for ensuring that disputes are resolved in a manner that is fair, equitable, and adheres to the rule of law.

In contrast, arbitration and mediation are alternative dispute resolution methods that take place outside of the court system. Arbitration often involves a neutral third-party arbitrator who makes a binding decision, while mediation involves a mediator who helps facilitate a conversation between the parties to reach a mutually acceptable resolution. Negotiation is a process in which parties communicate directly to come to an agreement, without the assistance of formal legal mechanisms or adjudication.