What is the legal term for the act of deliberately withholding information in a legal proceeding?

The term "concealment" refers to the act of intentionally hiding or withholding information, particularly in a legal context. This can occur in various legal proceedings where one party fails to disclose relevant evidence or facts that are necessary for the other party to know. Concealment is significant because it can undermine the fairness and integrity of the legal process. Legal systems rely on transparency and honesty; thus, when information is concealed, it can lead to a violation of legal duties and responsibilities, potentially resulting in penalties or sanctions for the party engaging in such actions.

The other terms are related concepts but have distinct meanings. Withholding typically denotes the general act of not providing information but does not inherently imply intent to deceive. Obstruction generally refers to actions that interfere with the administration of justice but is broader and can include other actions beyond withholding information. Spoliation specifically pertains to the destruction or alteration of evidence that may be relevant to a legal proceeding. While all these terms are relevant in a legal context, "concealment" is specifically aligned with the act of deliberately hiding information.