What is considered the fundamental law of a nation or state?

The Constitution is considered the fundamental law of a nation or state because it establishes the foundational legal framework and principles upon which the government operates. It delineates the powers and responsibilities of different branches of government and sets forth the rights and liberties of the citizens. As the supreme law of the land, any laws or actions that conflict with the Constitution can be deemed unconstitutional and invalid. This establishes a system of checks and balances among the governmental powers and protects individual freedoms.

In contrast, the Bill of Rights, while critical as it comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution, specifically enumerates certain rights and protections but does not serve as the overarching legal framework. Statutory law refers to laws enacted by a legislative body, which are subordinate to the Constitution. Administrative law involves regulations created by governmental agencies, operating within the parameters set by the Constitution and statutory law. Therefore, none of these alternatives possess the comprehensive authority and foundational role that the Constitution holds in the legal hierarchy of a nation or state.