What do ethical theories provide in relation to ethical dilemmas?

Ethical theories offer systematic frameworks that articulate principles guiding behavior and decision-making in the face of ethical dilemmas. Such theories—such as utilitarianism, deontology, or virtue ethics—structure and clarify the underlying values and norms that should influence choices, helping individuals navigate complex moral landscapes.

For instance, utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of actions and aims to maximize overall happiness, while deontological theories emphasize duties and rules that must be followed irrespective of outcomes. This systematic approach allows individuals to evaluate dilemmas through a lens of structured principles, leading to more consistent and reasoned decisions.

The other options, while they each touch on different aspects of ethical discussions, do not encapsulate what ethical theories primarily provide. For instance, empirical evidence for ethical behavior pertains more to the study of ethics within sociology or psychology rather than the theoretical frameworks themselves. Meanwhile, historical context offers background on how philosophical thought has evolved but does not help in applying principles to current dilemmas. Lastly, emotional considerations can play a role in ethical decision-making but are not a defining aspect of ethical theories, which focus more on rational principles and systematic analysis.