The Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act (GINA) _____.

The Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act (GINA) aims to protect individuals from discrimination based on their genetic information. The act specifically prohibits health insurers and employers from using genetic information to make decisions about health insurance coverage, premiums, and employment. This means that third-party payers cannot raise health insurance rates based on the results of genetic testing, ensuring that individuals are not penalized or denied coverage due to their genetic predispositions to certain conditions.

In the context of healthcare law, this is significant as it helps foster an environment where individuals can undergo genetic testing without fear of negative consequences in terms of health insurance or employment opportunities. GINA also plays a crucial role in encouraging individuals to participate in genetic research and testing, knowing that their information will be protected from misuse by insurers or employers.

The other choices do not accurately reflect GINA's purpose or provisions. For instance, GINA does not encourage routine genetic testing or mandate it for all patients, nor does it support the use of genetic data to determine premium rates, which align with its goal of preventing discrimination rather than promoting genetic testing for financial gain.