Jurisdiction for medical malpractice cases may fall under which types of court systems?

Medical malpractice cases primarily fall under the jurisdiction of state and federal court systems. State courts are most commonly where these cases are filed because medical malpractice laws, including the standards for negligence and the requirements for bringing a lawsuit, are determined at the state level. Each state has its own specific legal statutes and procedures governing medical malpractice claims, making state courts the primary venue.

Federal courts may have jurisdiction over medical malpractice cases in certain circumstances, such as when the case involves federal laws or when the parties are from different states and the amount in controversy exceeds the jurisdictional threshold (diversity jurisdiction). However, federal jurisdiction is relatively rare in medical malpractice cases compared to state jurisdiction.

Unlike other options, such as civil or criminal, where one can classify the type of law being enforced, or administrative and constitutional, which refer to governance structures and mandates, the pertinent aspect here involves distinguishing the court systems that directly handle malpractice claims. Thus, state and federal systems are the correct answers for jurisdictions relevant to medical malpractice cases.